Is Grand Island, NE tap water safe?
Supplied by City of Grand Island · serves 51,478 people (17,078 connections) · Groundwater · EPA ID NE3107902
Data: U.S. EPA · How we read the data · How we check it
Summary
PFAS above the 2024 federal limits. Systems have until 2029 to meet the PFAS limits.
Is it an emergency? No: PFAS limits are about years of exposure, not a glass of water, and nothing in EPA's data calls for you to stop drinking the water today. If your utility ever issues a boil-water or do-not-drink notice, follow it.
- PFAS
- Above limitPFOS above the federal limit in EPA's 2023–2025 testing (PFOS 7.3 ppt vs a limit of 4 ppt, where ppt = parts per trillion).
- Lithium
- Above screening levelHighest result 30.9 ppb. EPA uses 10 ppb to decide what to study further. It is not a health limit, and there is no federal limit for lithium. About 1 in 4 systems tested were above it.
- Lead
- Below action level1.98 ppb (parts per billion) at the 90th percentile: 9 in 10 homes sampled were at or below it. Action level 15 ppb, falling to 10 ppb in Nov 2027. Monitoring period ending Dec 2025. Your home's pipes can make yours higher.
- Violations
- Resolved2 health-based violations since 2016, most recently Oct 2025.
- Pregnant, or mixing baby formula with tap water? Babies drink more water for their size, so PFAS exposure matters more for them. Consider bottled water or a filter certified for PFAS for formula, and ask your doctor. Health effects.
- To lower your PFAS exposure now, a home filter certified for PFAS reduction works (reverse osmosis, or activated carbon certified to NSF/ANSI 53 or 58). Filters for these results.
- Built before 1986, or not sure what your service line is made of? Check your service line and test your tap. Utility data can't show your pipes.
- Tested your own tap? Compare your result with these numbers. Moving? Compare this system with another.
- Read City of Grand Island's annual water quality report (Consumer Confidence Report). It lists every regulated contaminant tested and is usually on the utility's website or mailed with your bill, and you can also request it at (308) 385-5444. EPA: how to find it.
PFAS (“forever chemicals”)
EPA UCMR 5: 8 entry points tested Apr 2023 to Jan 2024. "Average" is the highest entry-point average (non-detects counted as zero), the way EPA compares UCMR 5 results to the limits. ppt = parts per trillion. These results do not determine compliance.
| Contaminant | Highest average |
|---|---|
| PFOA Not detected Limit 4 ppt | – |
| PFOS Above limit Limit 4 ppt | 7.3 ppt 1.82× the limit |
| PFHxS Rounds to the limit Limit 10 ppt | 12.3 ppt 1.23× the limit |
| PFNA Not detected Limit 10 ppt | – |
| HFPO-DA (GenX) Not detected Limit 10 ppt | – |
| Hazard Index (a combined score for PFHxS, PFNA, GenX and PFBS, where above 1 is over the limit) Rounds to the limit Limit 1 | 1.23 |
| PFBS Detected, below limit Guideline 2,000 ppt | 2.4 ppt |
| PFBA Not detected Guideline 6,000 ppt | – |
| PFHxA Not detected Guideline 3,000 ppt | – |
| PFPeA Detected, no limit | 1.7 ppt |
Why "rounds to the limit"? the PFHxS average (12.3 ppt) and the Hazard Index (1.23) are slightly above the number on paper, but EPA compares results after rounding to the limit's precision (4.4 ppt rounds to 4), so they meet the limit as EPA applies it. Close enough to the limit to be worth watching.
For context: the PFOS average is higher than at 94% of the Nebraska systems EPA tested.
29 PFAS tested, 4 detected at least once. "Not detected" means below EPA's reporting limit (about 2 to 20 ppt depending on the chemical), not proven zero. PFAS not listed were not detected. The limits for PFHxS, PFNA, GenX and the Hazard Index were proposed for rescission in May 2026. That proposal is not final. Systems have until 2029 to meet the limits.
Lithium
Detected in 16 of 16 samples. Highest result 30.9 ppb. EPA's non-enforceable screening level is 10 ppb. Above screening level The screening level is how EPA decides what to study further, not a health limit. There is no federal limit for lithium and no filter is certified to remove it. About lithium.
Lead and copper
Latest 90th percentile: 1.98 ppb lead (Jan 2023 – Dec 2025). Below action level
| Monitoring period | Lead (90th pct.) |
|---|---|
| Jan 2023 – Dec 2025 | 1.98 ppb |
| Jan 2020 – Dec 2022 | 0.52 ppb |
| Jan 2017 – Dec 2019 | 1.6 ppb |
Earlier results (7)
| Jan 2014 – Dec 2016 | 0.86 ppb |
| Jan 2011 – Dec 2013 | 1.06 ppb |
| Jan 2006 – Dec 2006 | 2 ppb |
| Jan 2005 – Dec 2005 | 0.000001 ppb |
| Jan 2004 – Jun 2004 | 3 ppb |
| Jul 2003 – Dec 2003 | 4 ppb |
| Jan 1999 – Dec 2001 | 10 ppb |
Copper 90th percentile: 3.67 ppm (Dec 2001), action level 1,300 ppb.
Lead comes from pipes and fixtures, not the source water, so it varies home to home. The 90th percentile means 9 in 10 sampled homes were at or below it. More on lead.
Violations
| When | What happened |
|---|---|
| Jul 2025 – Oct 2025 2 times | The running annual average for Combined Uranium was above the legal limit. EPA record: Combined Uranium · Maximum Contaminant Level Violation, Average · measured 32 ug/l (limit 30 ug/L) Archived |
Health-based violations mean a contaminant exceeded a limit or a required treatment step was missed. Monitoring and reporting violations mean required tests or reports were late or missing, so the water's quality during that time is unknown. The total includes every violation in EPA's records, most of them paperwork.
Earlier EPA testing (2013–2020)
| Contaminant | Highest | Guideline |
|---|---|---|
| Manganese | 92 ppb | 300 ppb |
| Chlorate | 67 ppb | 210 ppb |
| Strontium | 0.83 ppm | 1.5 ppm |
| Molybdenum | 8.9 ppb | 40 ppb |
| Vanadium | 7.4 ppb | 21 ppb |
| Chromium-6 | 0.077 ppb | – |
| 1,4-Dioxane | 0.93 ppb | 0.35 ppb |
Where it serves
Grand Island
ZIP codes the system reported serving: 68801, 68802, 68803, 68810
Nearby utilities
- City of Lincoln Lincoln · 88 mi
- Metropolitan Utilities District Omaha · 122 mi
- City of North Platte North Platte · 126 mi · PFAS above limit
- City of Plattsmouth Plattsmouth · 129 mi · PFAS above limit
Questions
Is Grand Island tap water safe to drink?
Most of Grand Island gets its water from City of Grand Island. City of Grand Island had 2 health-based violations since 2016, all since resolved. EPA testing found PFAS above the 2024 federal limits, which systems must meet by 2029. Federal data can't tell you about your own pipes: lead comes from service lines and plumbing, so test your tap if your home was built before 1986. For the official word, read the utility's annual Consumer Confidence Report.
Does Grand Island water have PFAS?
Yes. EPA's 2023–2025 testing of City of Grand Island found 4 PFAS at least once. The highest entry-point averages were above the federal limit for PFOS: PFOS 7.3 ppt (limit 4 ppt for PFOA and PFOS, 10 ppt for the others).
What is the lead level in Grand Island water?
The most recent 90th-percentile lead result for City of Grand Island is 1.98 ppb, for the period ending Dec 2025. The federal action level is 15 ppb, falling to 10 ppb in November 2027. The 90th percentile means 9 in 10 homes sampled were at or below this number. Individual homes can be higher.
Check these numbers yourself
Every figure on this page comes from public EPA records. You don't have to take our word for it:
- EPA's own report for NE3107902: violations, enforcement and inspections, straight from EPA.
- EPA UCMR 5 data: the PFAS and lithium results (search the file for PWSID NE3107902).
- EPA SDWIS download: the lead results, population and violation records we use.
- The utility's annual water quality report (Consumer Confidence Report): ask City of Grand Island at (308) 385-5444, or see EPA's guide to finding it.
Found something that doesn't match? Tell us and we'll check it against EPA's records. How we check our data.
Source: U.S. EPA drinking water records and PFAS testing (UCMR 5). How we read the data.