Independence Township Water System water quality
Independence charter, MI · serves 11,790 people (5,100 connections) · Groundwater · Local government · EPA ID MI0003342
Data: U.S. EPA · How we read the data · How we check it
Summary
PFAS above the 2024 federal limits. Systems have until 2029 to meet the PFAS limits.
Is it an emergency? No: PFAS limits are about years of exposure, not a glass of water, and nothing in EPA's data calls for you to stop drinking the water today. If your utility ever issues a boil-water or do-not-drink notice, follow it.
- PFAS
- Above limitPFOA, PFOS, PFHxS, the PFAS Hazard Index above the federal limit in EPA's 2023–2025 testing (PFOA 5.95 ppt vs a limit of 4 ppt, PFOS 9.7 ppt vs a limit of 4 ppt, PFHxS 28 ppt vs a limit of 10 ppt, where ppt = parts per trillion).
- Lead
- Below action level2 ppb (parts per billion) at the 90th percentile: 9 in 10 homes sampled were at or below it. Action level 15 ppb, falling to 10 ppb in Nov 2027. Monitoring period ending Dec 2024. Your home's pipes can make yours higher.
- Violations
- None health-basedNo health-based violations since 2016.
- Pregnant, or mixing baby formula with tap water? Babies drink more water for their size, so PFAS exposure matters more for them. Consider bottled water or a filter certified for PFAS for formula, and ask your doctor. Health effects.
- To lower your PFAS exposure now, a home filter certified for PFAS reduction works (reverse osmosis, or activated carbon certified to NSF/ANSI 53 or 58). Filters for these results.
- Built before 1986, or not sure what your service line is made of? Check your service line and test your tap. Utility data can't show your pipes.
- Tested your own tap? Compare your result with these numbers. Moving? Compare this system with another.
- Read Independence Township Water System's annual water quality report (Consumer Confidence Report). It lists every regulated contaminant tested and is usually on the utility's website or mailed with your bill, and you can also request it at (248) 625-8222. EPA: how to find it.
PFAS (“forever chemicals”)
EPA UCMR 5: 6 entry points tested Sep 2024 to Mar 2025. "Average" is the highest entry-point average (non-detects counted as zero), the way EPA compares UCMR 5 results to the limits. ppt = parts per trillion. These results do not determine compliance.
| Contaminant | Highest average |
|---|---|
| PFOA Above limit Limit 4 ppt | 5.95 ppt 1.49× the limit |
| PFOS Above limit Limit 4 ppt | 9.7 ppt 2.42× the limit |
| PFHxS Above limit Limit 10 ppt | 28 ppt 2.8× the limit |
| PFNA Not detected Limit 10 ppt | – |
| HFPO-DA (GenX) Not detected Limit 10 ppt | – |
| Hazard Index (a combined score for PFHxS, PFNA, GenX and PFBS, where above 1 is over the limit) Above limit Limit 1 | 2.8 |
| PFBS Detected, below limit Guideline 2,000 ppt | 5.7 ppt |
| PFBA Detected, below limit Guideline 6,000 ppt | 2.8 ppt |
| PFHxA Detected, below limit Guideline 3,000 ppt | 4.5 ppt |
| PFPeA Detected, no limit | 4.7 ppt |
| PFPeS Detected, no limit | 4.85 ppt |
Michigan has its own PFAS limits. PFNA 6 ppt (this system's highest average: not detected), PFOA 8 ppt (this system's highest average: 5.95 ppt), PFHxA 400000 ppt (this system's highest average: 4.5 ppt), PFOS 16 ppt (this system's highest average: 9.7 ppt), PFHxS 51 ppt (this system's highest average: 28 ppt), PFBS 420 ppt (this system's highest average: 5.7 ppt), HFPO-DA 370 ppt (this system's highest average: not detected). State compliance is judged on the state's own sampling, so ask the utility or the state program whether it meets them.
For context: the PFOA average is higher than at 99% of the Michigan systems EPA tested, the PFOS average is higher than at 99% of the Michigan systems EPA tested and the PFHxS average is higher than at 99% of the Michigan systems EPA tested.
29 PFAS tested, 8 detected at least once. "Not detected" means below EPA's reporting limit (about 2 to 20 ppt depending on the chemical), not proven zero. PFAS not listed were not detected. The limits for PFHxS, PFNA, GenX and the Hazard Index were proposed for rescission in May 2026. That proposal is not final. Systems have until 2029 to meet the limits.
Lithium
Detected in 2 of 12 samples. Highest result 11 ppb. EPA's non-enforceable screening level is 10 ppb. Below screening level The screening level is how EPA decides what to study further, not a health limit. There is no federal limit for lithium and no filter is certified to remove it. About lithium.
Lead and copper
Latest 90th percentile: 2 ppb lead (Jan 2022 – Dec 2024). Below action level
Highest since 2016: 3 ppb (Dec 2021).
| Monitoring period | Lead (90th pct.) |
|---|---|
| Jan 2022 – Dec 2024 | 2 ppb |
| Jan 2019 – Dec 2021 | 3 ppb |
| Jan 2016 – Dec 2018 | 2 ppb |
Earlier results (9)
| Jan 2013 – Dec 2015 | 3 ppb |
| Jan 2010 – Dec 2012 | 2 ppb |
| Jan 2007 – Dec 2009 | 3 ppb |
| Jan 2004 – Dec 2006 | 5 ppb |
| Jan 2001 – Dec 2003 | 2.3 ppb |
| Jan 1998 – Dec 2000 | 3 ppb |
| Jan 1997 – Dec 1997 | 3.4 ppb |
| Jul 1995 – Jun 1996 | 4 ppb |
| Jul 1994 – Jun 1995 | 5 ppb |
Lead comes from pipes and fixtures, not the source water, so it varies home to home. The 90th percentile means 9 in 10 sampled homes were at or below it. More on lead.
Violations
Health-based violations mean a contaminant exceeded a limit or a required treatment step was missed. Monitoring and reporting violations mean required tests or reports were late or missing, so the water's quality during that time is unknown. The total includes every violation in EPA's records, most of them paperwork.
Earlier EPA testing (2013–2020)
| Contaminant | Highest | Guideline |
|---|---|---|
| Manganese | 116 ppb | 300 ppb |
| Strontium | 0.97 ppm | 1.5 ppm |
| Molybdenum | 17.2 ppb | 40 ppb |
| Chromium-6 | 0.03 ppb | – |
| Chlorate | 2,160 ppb | 210 ppb |
| Vanadium | 0.22 ppb | 21 ppb |
Where it serves
ZIP codes the system reported serving: 48346
Nearby utilities
- Waterford Township Waterford charter · 6 mi
- Pontiac Water System Pontiac · 9 mi
- Rochester Hills Water System Rochester Hills · 13 mi
- Troy Water System Troy · 17 mi
- City of Farmington Hills Farmington Hills · 18 mi
- City of Novi Novi · 19 mi
Questions
Is Independence Township Water System water safe to drink?
Independence Township Water System has no health-based violations since 2016. EPA testing found PFAS above the 2024 federal limits, which systems must meet by 2029. Federal data can't tell you about your own pipes: lead comes from service lines and plumbing, so test your tap if your home was built before 1986. For the official word, read the utility's annual Consumer Confidence Report.
Does Independence Township Water System water have PFAS?
Yes. EPA's 2023–2025 testing of Independence Township Water System found 8 PFAS at least once. The highest entry-point averages were above the federal limit for PFOA and PFOS and PFHxS: PFOA 5.95 ppt, PFOS 9.7 ppt, PFHxS 28 ppt (limit 4 ppt for PFOA and PFOS, 10 ppt for the others).
What is the lead level in Independence Township Water System water?
The most recent 90th-percentile lead result for Independence Township Water System is 2 ppb, for the period ending Dec 2024. The federal action level is 15 ppb, falling to 10 ppb in November 2027. The 90th percentile means 9 in 10 homes sampled were at or below this number. Individual homes can be higher.
Check these numbers yourself
Every figure on this page comes from public EPA records. You don't have to take our word for it:
- EPA's own report for MI0003342: violations, enforcement and inspections, straight from EPA.
- EPA UCMR 5 data: the PFAS and lithium results (search the file for PWSID MI0003342).
- EPA SDWIS download: the lead results, population and violation records we use.
- The utility's annual water quality report (Consumer Confidence Report): ask Independence Township Water System at (248) 625-8222, or see EPA's guide to finding it.
Found something that doesn't match? Tell us and we'll check it against EPA's records. How we check our data.
Source: U.S. EPA drinking water records and PFAS testing (UCMR 5). How we read the data.